The method of target orientation detection based on electrostatic field vectoris studied, The electrostatic field detection theory and charge sensitive detection theory areanalyzed based on electrostatic induction and electrostatic balance mechanism. Theelectrostatic field vector detection mathematical model of the array electrode is established.The accuracy of the electrostatic field vector orientationdetection is verificated throughmathematical simulation and imitative experiment. Theoretical analysis and experimentaresults show that the accuracy of target orientation detection is better than 10' in the processof approaching the off-target position.